After the death of Muhammad bin Tughluq at Thatta in Sindh on March 20, 1351, there was a situation wherein nobody was ready to accept the throne. Muhammad did not had any son and nobles approached Firoz Shah Tughluq, a cousin of Mohammad Tughluq. He was not ready initially but when the nobles put pressure on him, he agreed to become the Sultan of Delhi. He was declared the Sultan in a camp near Thatta on March 23, 1351. The Amirs in Dehli tried to declare a boy as son of Muhammad and tried to make him sultan but there were no support and Firoz finally prevailed.
Firoz Shah first make conquest against the Sultans of Bengal who became independent during the reign of Muhammad. He fought against Shamas-ud-Din Iliyas Shah and later his son Sikandar Shah. Both of them took refuse into the fort of Ikdala. Though Firoz defeated them both, he gained nothing as monsoon came and came to terms with Sikandar Shah, which were favorable to the Bengal ruler.
He marched towards Jajnagar where he defeated the king and destroyed a lot of Hindu temples forcing Raja Gajpati of Jajnagar in Orissa to pay tribute. He laid siege to Kangra Fort and forced Nagarkot to pay tribute, and did the same with Thatta. Tughlaq was a fervent Muslim. He made a number of important concessions to theologians. He tried to ban practices that the orthodox theologians considered un-Islamic. He decided not to reconquer areas that had broken away, nor to keep further areas from taking their independence. He was indiscriminately benevolent and lenient as a sultan.
He allowed his eldest son, Fath Khan, to strike coins in his own name, making him the heir appointed. But Fath Khan died in 1376. The Sultan then abdicated in August 1387 and made his other son, Prince Muhammad, king. A slave rebellion forced the Sultan to confer the royal title to his grandson, Tughluq Khan.
On September 20, 1388, at the age of 80, Firoz Shah Tughluq died.
In one way Firoz Shah rendered am immense help in preserving India's heritage. When two ancient columns were discovered, it was planned to use as minarets in a mosque . However, Firoz Shah got them transported carefully, wrapped in silk to avoid any damage, from Meerut, and Topra near Radaur. Upon reaching Delhi, they were then transported on huge boats to their final destination, one within Firoz Shah Kotla and the other on the ridge near present Delhi University near the mosque. These pillars had an inscription written in an unknown script. In British period, after 500 years later, these were read and found to be pillars erected by great Indian king Ashoka the great.
Billion Tanka from Hadrat Dehli mint
Obv : Firuz shah sultani darabat bi hadrat dehli
Rev : al khilafat amir al-muminin khalidat khilafatahu
Ref : D473
Wt : 8.83 gm
Dia : 18.9 mm
Billion Tanka from Hadrat Dehli mint, 768 AH
Obv : Firuz shah sultani darabat bi hadrat dehli
Rev : al khilafat amir al-muminin khalidat khilafatahu
Similar to previous type but ya of sultani cuts the ta lam
Ref : D474
Wt : 8.86 gm
Dia : 17.7 mm
Billion Tanka from Hadrat Dehli mint, 768 AH
Obv : Firuz shah sultani darabat bi hadrat dehli
Rev : al khilafat amir al-muminin khalidat khilafatahu
Similar to previous type but ya of sultani cuts the ta lam
Ref : D475
Wt : 9.05 gm
Dia : 17.8 mm
Similar to earlier coin but obverse legend arranged differently
Overlay added
Billion Tanka in name of Caliph Abu abd-Allah ak Mutawakkil from Hadrat Dehli mint
Obv:Firuz Shah sulatn darabat bi-hadrat Dehli
Rev:al-khilafat abu 'abd allah khulidat khilafatashu
Ref : D476
Wt : 8.75 gm
Overlay added
48 Rati billion coin the name of Caliph Abul-Fath
Obv: Firoz Sultani
Rev. Khalifa abu l'Fath
Ref : D478
Wt : 5.28g
Dia: 14.3 mm
32 Rati billion coin the name of Caliph Abd-al-Abbas
Obv: Firuz Shah sulatni
Rev: Abul abbas ahmed (read from bottom upwards)
Ref: D479
Wt : 3.4 gm
Overlay added
32 Rati billion coin from Hadrat Dehli mint
Obv: Firuz Shah sulatni bi hadrat Dehli
Rev: Al Kahlifa amir al mumininin khuidat khilafatahu
ta of khulidat cuts the lam of the word
Ref: D481
Wt : 3.5 gm
Dia: 14.8 mm
32 Rati billion coin from Hadrat Dehli mint
Obv: Firuz Shah sulatni bi hadrat Dehli
Rev: Al Kahlifa amir al mumininin khuidat khilafatahu
Similar to earlier coin but obverse legend arranged differently
Ref: D482
Wt : 3.52 gm
32 Rati billion coin the name of Caliph Abul-Fath
Obv: Firoz Shah Sultani khallada Mulkahu
Rev: Al khalifa abu al-Fateh khulidat khilafatuhu
Ref: D483
Wt : 3.5 gm
Overlay added
Copper double Jital or Falus from dar al mulk Dehli mint
Obv: Firuz shah Sultani
Rev: dar al mulk Dehli
Ref: D490
Wt : 9.05 gm
Dia: 14.4 x 16 mm
40 Rati Copper Jital or Falus from dar al mulk Dehli mint
Obv: Firuz shah Sultani (za of firuz in second line)
Rev: dar al mulk Dehli
Ref: D491
Wt : 4.5 gm
40 Rati Copper Jital or Falus from dar al mulk Dehli mint
Obv: Firuz shah Sultani (za of firuz in top line, ya of sultani cuts the ta lam only)
Rev: dar al mulk Dehli
Ref: D492
Wt : 4.56 gm
Dia: 14.6 mm
40 Rati Copper Jital or Falus from dar al mulk Dehli mint
Obv: Firuz shah Sultani (ya of sultani cuts the top of the whole word)
Rev: dar al mulk Dehli
Ref: D493
Wt : 4.30 gm
This type coin was also struck with posthumous dates by later Sultans.
40 Rati Copper Jital or Falus from dar al mulk Dehli mint
Obv: Firuz shah Sultani
Rev: dar al mulk Dehli (ra of dar is elongated to join the tail of the kaf of mulk)
Ref: D496
Wt : 4.41 gm
40 Rati Copper Jital or Falus from dar al mulk Dehli mint
Obv: Firuz shah Sultani
Rev: dar al mulk Dehli
Reverse contained in double circle
Ref: D497
Wt : 4.38 gm
Dia: 13.3 mm
32 Rati Copper Jital from Hadrat Dehli mint
Obv: Firuz Sultani
Rev: Hadrat Dehli
Ref: D498
Wt : 3.4 gm
Dia: 10.0 mm
Overlay added
1/2 Copper Jital or Falus from Hadrat Dehli mint
Obv: Firuz Sultani (ir of firuz is elongated)
Rev: Hadrat Dehli
Ref: D500
Wt : 2.01 gm
Comments
Post a Comment